Automotive and Road expert evaluation
Dear Readers!
We bring to your attention the journal "Automotive and Road expert evaluation" of the Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI) and Autonomous non-profit organization SOYUZEXPERTIZA CCI RF (SOEX).
The magazine is distributed free of charge. The publication of articles in the journal is also completely free of charge.
The journal is a periodical scientific and practical publication, the main task of which is to provide an opportunity for specialists to exchange experience, discuss the problems of expert activities in the automotive and road sector and conduct a joint search for ways to solve them.
The main goal of the publication is to improve expert activities in the Russian Federation, improve the quality of expert services in the road and road industry and the qualifications of specialists, as well as provide them with the necessary regulatory and approved methodological information.
The pages of the journal are supposed to publish the most interesting and significant scientific and applied and scientific and methodological developments, which will cover such areas of expert activity of the automobile and road industry as: auto technical expertise; examination of construction, municipal, agricultural, road-building equipment; road construction expertise; expertise in customs; road safety expertise; other expertise related to the automotive and road construction industry.
The journal will present the results of these expert works, methods developed by specialists for conducting such studies, as well as topical problems associated with the regulatory framework for the production of forensic examinations in the Russian Federation and proposed ways to solve them.
Due to the growing demand for expertise in the automotive and road industry and the lack of such periodicals, the journal will become a platform for developing advanced innovative approaches, and will also contribute to strengthening scientific ties. The publications of the journal may be of interest to both specialists, experts, lawyers, lawyers, judges, and other persons directly related to the appointment and production of forensic examinations in the Russian Federation.
Addressing the readers, I would like to emphasize that the editorial staff of the journal hopes for close cooperation with the readers.
We are waiting for your responses to the published articles and will try to do everything to be as useful to you as possible.
Best wishes and best regards,
editorial staff of the journal
Malakhov Aleksandr Yurievich – Chief Editor (Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the laboratory, Associate Professor of the department "Technologies of Structural Materials" MADI, Head of the Engineering and Additive Technologies CADI MADI);
Fateev Maxim Albertovich – Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Basic department "Human Capital Development", Vice President, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation).
Members of the editorial board:
Benevolensky S.B. (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the department "Machine Parts and Mechanism Theory" MADI);
Woolman N.N. (Head of the forensic examination department of ANO SOYUZEKSPERTIZA CCI RF);
Demyanushko I.V. (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the department "Structural Mechanics" MADI);
Efimenko D.B. (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the department "Legal and customs management of transport" MADI)
Ivanov A.M. (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the department "Automobiles" MADI);Karelina M.Yu. (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Doctor of Ped. Sciences, Professor, Vice-Rector GUU, Head of the department "Machine Parts and Mechanism Theory" MADI).
Petrova L.G. (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the department "Technologies of Structural Materials" MADI);
Polygalova O.A. (Deputy General Director of ANO SOYUZEKSPERTIZA CCI RF);
Talalay V.V. (expert, senior lecturer of the department "Road-building materials" MADI).
Vinogradova V.V. - executive Secretary.
Members of the technical editorial board:
Vinogradov B.A. - scientific editor;
Alekseeva M.Yu. - technical editor, computer layout;
Saprykin A.Yu. - Web Designer.
- Autotechnical expertise.
- Expertise of road construction equipment.
- Road construction expertise.
- Forensic technical expertise. Legal support.
- Discussion Platform.
- Information for experts.
The scientific and practical journal "Automotive and Road expert evaluation" was founded by the Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI) and ANO "SOYUZEXPERTIZA" of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation in 2021.
The journal is registered with the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Communications (Roskomnadzor). Registration number PI No. 77-83312 dated 05/19/2022.
The journal is registered in the National ISSN Center of the Russian Federation with the assignment of the International Standard Serial Number ISSN: 2949−365X.
The journal is included in the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) eLIBRARY.RU - Информация об издании "Проблемы экспертизы в автомобильно-дорожной отрасли".
The headings of the journal according to the State Scientific and Technical Information Rubric (GRNTI):
- 670000.Construction. Architecture.
- 730000. Transport.
- 550000. Mechanical engineering.
Categories according to the OECD international classifier of scientific directions:
- 203. Mechanical engineer
The journal is published four times a year (once every three months).
The journal is published in electronic and printed versions.
The circulation of the printed version is 500 copies.
Format 60x84 / 8.
Release date 10.12.2021
Release date march 2022
Release date july 2022
Release date october 2022
Release date december 2022
Release date march 2023
Release date july 2023
Release date september 2023
Release date december 2023
AUTO TECHNICAL EXPERTISE
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
Aleksey N. Livanskiy, Ph.D., alex.lefmo@yandex.ru,
Maksim A. Karpov, Ph.D., makarpov@hotmail.com,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article shows the methodology of conducting automotive technical expertise of the causes of failure of fuel injectors of modern cars. The scheme of operation of the Common Rail fuel system is described, as well as the design of the most common types of fuel injectors. The article shows in detail examples of damage to parts of fuel injectors and their relationship with the malfunction manifested during the operation of the injector. The developed methodology can be used by experts (specialists) to investigate the causes of failure of fuel injectors of any brands and models of cars with the fuel system Common Rail.
Keywords: automobile-technical expertise, Сommon Rail, electromagnetic injector, piezoelectric injector, hydraulic density of the injectorWe are a leading firm in providing quality and value to our customers. Each member of our team has at least 5 years of legal experience. We love what we do.
Authors:
Pavel V. Bushuev, Ph.D., expert, helpsol@yandex.ru,
Aleksey N. Pronnikov, senior lecturer, expert, alekseipronnikov@yandex.ru,
Daniil V. Kabanov, expert, kabanowdan@ya.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article deals with the problem of determining the cost of repair of a car that has received mechanical damage as a result of an accident, in conditions of exceeding the limit of payment under the OSAGO for the actual repair of a car insured and made under the CASCO. The technical, legal and moral and ethical issues of interaction between the parties in this process are considered: legal entities making decisions on the method and scope of restoration repairs and the person - the actual culprit of the accident. The current problems of evaluation expertises are shown.
Keywords: assessment of the cost of restoration repairs, OSAGO, CASCO.
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
Maria Yu. Karelina, Dr.Sc., professor, karelinamu@mail.ru,
Larisa G. Petrova, Dr.Sc., professor, petrova_madi@mail.ru,
Aleksey E. Perekrestov, lead engineer, alemadi@mail.ru,
Valeriya A. Perekrestova, postgraduate, lirika013@yandex.ru,
Ilya A. Karpov, senior lecturer, mymail169@gmail.com,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract.The article provides an example of using the method of modeling the stress-strain state of the object under study together with a metal science research complex to determine the exact cause of the destruction of parts and components of motor transport. It is shown that the use of this complex in the examination together with other methods allows for a complete and comprehensive study to identify the true and justified cause of the failure.
Keywords: automobile-technical expertise, modeling of stress-strain state, numerical method of continuum mechanics, finite element method.
Authors:
Boris A. Vinogradov, Ph.D., associate professor, bvino@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract.The article deals with the issues of interaction of the design organization with the institution of expertise when considering the project of a transport construction and drawing up an expert opinion. Attention is paid to the need to provide qualitative justifications when considering the project.
Keywords: transport construction project, expertise institution, decision justification, objective and subjective estimations, normative literature, existing prices.
Authors:
Aleksey A. Sharov, General Director of the consulting company LLC "AVERTA GROUP", PRO BONO expert, Head of the Public Chamber of the Ombudsman for the Protection of Entrepreneurs' Rights in Moscow, sharov@avertagroup.ru,
26 Leninskaya Sloboda str., Omega-2 Business Center, building A, office 538, Moscow, 115280, Russia
Abstract.The relevance of the article is due to the consideration of the key features of road expertise, as well as the scope of its application in modern realities. The purpose of this study is to highlight all the nuances of conducting this narrow-profile examination from a practical expert point of view, to consider the most significant modern research in the field of assessing the quality of the country's highways. The objectives of this study are: to study the specifics of road expertise, to review existing methods of studying Russian highways, to identify and analyze the problems encountered by the expert. The result of the study is the proposal of ways to solve problems during the examination.
Keywords: road inspection, expert, report, road surface.
FORENSIC TECHNICAL EXPERTISE.
LEGAL SUPPORT
LEGAL SUPPORT
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia,
Dmitriy E. Ivliev, expert-technician, appraiserd, ivliev@estls.ru,
ESTLS, 43/1, Altufevskoe shosse., Moscow, 127410, Russia
Abstract. The article presents the main normative legal acts of the current legislation that determine the legal support for the production of forensic expertises in the Russian Federation. The important problems of legal support of forensic expertises that require solutions are considered.
Keywords: forensic expertise, regulatory legal acts, legal support.
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
Maria Yu. Karelina, Dr.Sc., professor, karelinamu@mail.ru,
Aleksey E. Perekrestov, lead engineer, alemadi@mail.ru,
Valeriya A. Perekrestova, postgraduate, lirika013@yandex.ru,
Aleksey N. Pronnikov, senior lecturer, expert, alekseipronnikov@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article shows examples of conducting a comprehensive automotive research of the causes of failure of the differential of modern cars. Various car differential designs are considered, the principle of its operation is described, as well as materials, types of heat treatment and methods of surface hardening of its parts are shown. The article also focuses on the possible reasons for the failure of the automobile differential, which must be taken into account by an expert during the production of automotive technical expertise.
Keywords: automobile-technical expertise, metal science expertise, differential, main gear, satellite axis.
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru;
Aleksey N. Livanskiy, Ph.D., alex.lefmo@yandex.ru;
Maksim A. Karpov, Ph.D., makarpov@hotmail.com;
Bulat F. Enikeev, Ph.D., b708@mail.ru;
Anvar А. Khaziev, Ph.D., madi-chim@mail.ru;
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. A series of articles on the topic: "What low-quality fuel leads to in a modern car" is divided into three parts: fuel equipment failures, internal combustion engine failures and failures of the catalytic converter of exhaust gases. This article is the first of the series and describes the consequences for fuel equipment parts due to the use of low-quality fuel. The article presents current regulatory documents in the Russian Federation regulating the quality of automobile fuel. Examples of damage to parts of the fuel equipment of the car are presented, which experts examine during the course of automotive technical examinations and which are directly related to deviations of specific parameters of the quality of the fuel used.
Keywords: automobile-technical expertise, low-quality fuel, fuel equipment, nozzle, high-pressure fuel pump.
Authors:
Larisa P. Shestopalova, Ph.D., associate professor, ntibr@mail.ru,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva, Ph.D., 15329022@ yandex.ru,
Larisa G. Petrova, Dr.Sc., professor, petrova_madi@mail.ru,
Aleksey E. Perekrestov, lead engineer, alemadi@mail.ru,
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. By methods of optical, scanning electron microscopy and various instrumental methods, the mechanisms of fatigue operational destruction of crankshafts from steels of various grades have been investigated. A generalization of the causes leading to the occurrence of destruction in the process of operation. The article gives examples of fatigue destruction of crankshafts that occurred in various operating conditions. To determine the cause of the destruction and establish the initial focus of destruction that led to complete destruction, a wide range of studies is involved, which allows to show in each case the sequence of the examination to determine the exact cause of the destruction of the crankshaft. It is shown that the use of a wide range of equipment in the conduct of automotive technical expertise allows for a more complete and comprehensive study and to establish the true cause of the destruction of a part or assembly.
Keywords: automobile-technical expertise, crankshaft, fatigue destruction, fatigue grooves (lines), metallurgical defects, fractography.
Authors:
Tatyana E. Likhacheva, Ph.D., 15329022@ yandex.ru,
Larisa P. Shestopalova, Ph.D., associate professor, ntibr@mail.ru,
Irina S. Belashova, Dr.Sc., professor, irina455@inbox.ru,
Larisa G. Petrova, Dr.Sc., professor, petrova_madi@mail.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article shows an example of a study of the cause of an engine failure of a dump truck after its capital repairs. As the conducted research has shown, the cause of engine failure is associated with poorly performed restorative repairs of its fuel equipment. The inspection by the repair organization of fuel pump injectors after the restoration repair also did not meet the requirements of GOST 10579-2017 "Diesel injectors. Technical requirements and test methods". As a result, deviations were made in the parameters of the fuel injector, which caused the piston of the second cylinder of the engine under study to melt.
Keywords: gas diesel engine, quarry dump truck, engine piston, pump-injector, fuel equipment.
LEGAL SUPPORT
Authors:
Yuri B. Suvorov, Dr.Sc., professor, yu.suvorov@madi.ru,
Dar'ja A. Sadanova, student, d.sadanova@madi.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article describes approaches to learning based on the method of distance education. Based on the analysis of institutional principles for the implementation of e-learning, we provide justifications for the effective implementation of remote training of students, based on the necessary and sufficient conditions. Because, modern, and most importantly, successful assimilation of the course presupposes active, creative participation of the student in all stages of studying the disciplines taught. Using the example of solving a specific educational task, it is shown how the results of expert assessment and legal qualification of the actions of road transport workers involved in an accident can be used as an illustration of the relevant lecture material for distance learning students. The authors discuss a large number of both advantages and disadvantages of using this system of obtaining knowledge. In addition, they analyze possible results for its further application. We have identified the most important educational aspects that arise during the implementation of the proposed system. We have identified both positive and negative aspects of this type of training, made certain conclusions and proposed recommendations to improve the quality of training of future experts in terms of legal regulation.
Keywords: methodology for the development of a distance course, expert assessment of an accident, legal qualification, educational task, investigation of an accident.
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru, MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia Oksana A. Polygalova, court expert, deputy general director, info@soex.ru,
Natalya N. Vulman, court expert, Head of the Forensic Examination Department, info@soex.ru,
ANO «SOUYZEXPERTIZA» CCI RF, 13/17, 1 M. Dmitrovka str., Moscow, 125009, Russia
Abstract. This article shows the most common procedural errors that experts make at the stage of preparation and production of an expert study, as well as when preparing the content of an expert opinion. These errors are linked to specific articles of the legislative documents in force in the Russian Federation. The authors hope that the article will help experts to avoid the procedural errors listed in it during their forensic examinations.
Keywords: forensic expertise, procedural expert errors, legislative documents.
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
Maria Yu. Karelina, Dr.Sc., professor, karelinamu@mail.ru,
Aleksey E. Perekrestov, lead engineer, alemadi@mail.ru,
Valeriya A. Perekrestova, senior lecturer, lirika013@yandex.ru,
Мagomed-sharip М. Мagomedov, student, m-sharip05@mail.ru,
Аndrey М. Butov, student, butov_02@inbox.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. In a car, various grades of cast iron are also used as a material for the manufacture of its parts, along with steels. And although, compared with steels, cast iron is used to a lesser extent for the manufacture of various parts in the automotive industry, its role is quite high, and the range of parts is extensive. The article provides examples of the use of various grades of cast iron as a material for the manufacture of critical car parts, and also shows examples of conducting a comprehensive automotive and metal science study of the causes of failure of such products.
Keywords: automobile-technical expertise, metal science expertise, grey cast iron, highstrength cast iron, brake disc, piston rings, cylinder head.
Authors:
Gleb I. Bobov, construction expert, director of the construction consulting department, bobov@soex.ru,
ANO «SOUYZEXPERTIZA» CCI RF, 13/17, 1 M. Dmitrovka str., Moscow, 125009, Russia
Abstract.The article raises questions of the need to create or refine existing software systems and methods for automating the process of drafting a contract estimate, the subject of which is the construction or reconstruction of capital construction facilities. The main advantages of this approach in drafting the contract estimate are shown
Keywords: draft contract estimate, capital construction, automated system.
Authors:
Larisa G. Petrova, Dr.Sc., professor, petrova_madi@mail.ru.,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract.The paper considers the problem of cold-brittle fracture of steels as a cause of brittle fracture of structures. The theoretical information about the phenomenon of cold brittleness and methods for determining the transition temperature of ductile-brittle fracture are given. The analysis is carried out of metallurgical and structural factors influencing the transition of steel to the brittle state with temperature decrease: grain size, oxygen, carbon and harmful impurities content, the presence of nonmetallic inclusions of unfavorable form. A historical review of accidents of structures (bridges, ships, storage tanks) that occurred in the twentieth century is presented, as the causes of which are established the presence of one or more factors that led to the brittle failure of steel under the action of negative temperatures.
Keywords:cold brittleness, structural steels, coarse-grained structure, impact toughness, brittle fracture.
Authors:
Boris A. Vinogradov, Ph.D., associate professor, bvino@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article presents the results of expert studies on the hydraulic calculation of drainage systems of airfields in conditions of change in the main climatic parameters. The results of comparison of the calculated values of the surface water coming from the ground areas and determinate by two calculation methods are presented.
Keywords: precipitation intensity, catchment area, conditions of runoff formation, estimated flow rate, method of maximum intensities, method of maximum runoff volumes.
LEGAL SUPPORT
Authors:
Аnatoliy A. Diyakov, Ph.D., associate professor, diakov.anatol@ya.ru,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva, Ph.D., 15329022@ yandex.ru,
Larisa P. Shestopalova, Ph.D., associate professor, ntibr@mail.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article shows the consequences of improper storage, extraction or transportation of the object of forensic examination. Prolonged storage of parts without proper preservation can lead to their severe corrosion damage, which will make such research objects unsuitable for the production of objective forensic examination. The article provides recommendations on the implementation of measures to ensure the safety of the object of study.
Keywords: forensic examination, corrosion damage, improper storage, conservation of the object of study.
Authors:
Gennady Vladimirovich Kostarev, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Assoc., dormash@madi.ru,
Nikita Mikhailovich Andryukhov, assistant, andryukhov_nm@mail.ru,
MADI, Russia, 125319, Moscow, Leningradsky ave., 64,
Roman Gennadievich Danilov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, info@nami.ru,
NAMI, Russia, 125438, Moscow, Avtomotornaya, 2a
Abstract. Testing of road construction equipment is necessary to determine the compliance of the parameters set by manufacturers. During the tests, quantitative and qualitative indicators are obtained by which the performance of the tested equipment can be assessed
Keywords: combined road vehicles, attachments, road.
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia,
Konstantin A. Kurganov, expert, tc216@yandex.ru,
Training Center I-Outospecialist, 3-1, V. Petushkova str., Moscow, 109028, Russia
Abstract. The article describes in detail the mechanism of the processes of λ-regulation of the stoichiometric composition of the fuel-air mixture entering the cylinders of the internal combustion engine of the automobile. Shows the design and operation of various λ-sensors: shortband (zirconium and titanium) and wideband. An algorithm for computer diagnostics of the operation of the internal combustion engine of a car according to the parameters of λ-regulation (short-term and long-term correction of the duration of fuel injection) is proposed, which should help experts determine the exact cause of the malfunction.
Keywords: automobile-technical expertise, λ-regulation, λ-sensors, short term fuel trim, long term fuel trim..
Authors:
Larisa P. Shestopalova, Ph.D., associate professor, ntibr@mail.ru,
Tatyana E. Lihacheva, Ph.D., t5329022@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article gives examples of breakdowns of vehicles (to a greater extent cars) that are observed during the operation of the car. It is shown that breakdowns occur most often as a result of complete or partial destruction of individual parts, components of the car. An auto technical examination was carried out using various methods to establish the causes of these destructions and conclusions are drawn.
Keywords: vehicle, breakdown, defect, destruction, surface damage, autotechnical expertise.
Authors:
Larisa P. Shestopalova, Ph.D., associate professor, ntibr@mail.ru,
Tatyana E. Lihacheva, Ph.D., t5329022@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article gives examples of breakdowns of vehicles (to a greater extent cars) that are observed during the operation of the car. It is shown that breakdowns occur most often as a result of complete or partial destruction of individual parts, components of the car. An auto technical examination was carried out using various methods to establish the causes of these destructions and conclusions are drawn.
Keywords: vehicle, breakdown, defect, destruction, surface damage, autotechnical expertise.
Authors:
Vladimir D. Ageev, Ph. D, professor, stroyconst@mail.ru,
Sherali N. Valiev, Ph. D, professor, mosti.madi@mail.ru,
Oleg A. Sudorgin, Dr, Sc, professor, sudorgin@madi.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp. Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article presents the results of the construction and technical expertise of the collapse of a wooden pedestrian bridge located above the ice rink area in the Gorky Central Park in Moscow. The results of laboratory studies of the actual state of the structure of the structure (geometric parameters, physical and mechanical characteristics of materials, the condition of bolted and other connections, their number, etc.) are presented. The article also presents the results of mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state of bridge structures in various variants: in accordance with the working documentation, considering the actual parameters and properties of the structure at the time of destruction. According to the results of the studies carried out, possible cause-and-effect relationships have been established that led to the collapse of the pedestrian bridge, which are noted in the conclusion to the forensic technical examination.
Keywords: construction and technical expertise, laboratory studies, numerical experiment, wooden pedestrian bridge, load-bearing structures, glued wooden structures. .
Authors:
Ekaterina I. Makarenko, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Makarenko_madi@mail.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. This article presents an expert opinion on the monograph of Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences L.G. Petrova "Cold fracture of metal and catasrophic destruction". The review offers an expert assessment of the book, first of all, from the point of view of social support for the study of cold-breaking metal, as well as social consequences of disasters associated with this property of steel. The analysis of the monograph made it possible to conduct a social examination of catasrtophic destruction of this kind, the socio-economic and socio-psychological cosequences of catasrtophes, gender relations in metal sciences.
Keywords: cold-breaking steel, social cosequences of disasters, expert assessment, national security, history jf destruction of infrastructure facilities, gender relations in sciences.
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
Aleksey E. Perekrestov, lead engineer, alemadi@mail.ru,
Maria Yu. Karelina, Dr.Sc., professor, karelinamu@mail.ru,
Valeriya A. Perekrestova, postgraduate, lirika013@yandex.ru,
Aleksey N. Pronnikov, senior lecturer, expert, alekseipronnikov@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article shows examples of the complex application of various metal studies to determine the cause of the destruction of disc wheels of automotive. Various methods of manufacturing disc wheels of modern cars and their materials are also described. The examples given in the article may be useful to experts (specialists) in the production of similar studies by them.
Keywords: metal science expertise, destruction of the disc wheel, wheel rim, wheel drive.
Authors:
Larisa G. Petrova, Dr.Sc, professor, petrova_madi@mail.ru,
Viktorija V. Lysak, postgraduate, victorialysak97@gmail.com,
Elena V. Mal'kova, senior lecture, kafedra101@mail.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article presents an analysis of topical issues related to the state of titanium market under current geopolitical situation in the world including impact of sanctions on titanium industry in Russian federation. The properties of titanium and titanium alloys, their applications and development trends of titanium market are considered. There is also revealing of the problem of the dependence of Russian titanium industry on supplies of foreign raw. The possibility of import substitution of titanium raw in Russia is evaluated. These solutions of the problem have been analyzed by the example of studying of Russian company «VSMPO AVISMA».
Keywords: titanium, titanium alloys, titanium dioxide, extraction of raw materials, sanctions, titanium market.
Authors:
Gennady V. Kustarev, Ph.D., associate professor, dormash@madi.ru,
Nikita M. Andryukhov, assistant, info@nami.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319,
Russia, Roman G. Danilov, Ph.D., andryukhov_nm@mail.ru,
NAMI, 2, Aviamotornaya st., Moscow, 125438, Russia
Abstract. Testing of combined road vehicles is necessary to determine compliance with the parameters specified by the manufacturer. During the tests, quantitative and qualitative indicators are obtained by which the effectiveness and productivity of the tested equipment are evaluated. The article presents a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of cleaning the surface of the coating from snow with the front blade of a combined road vehicle, and also presents the results of studies of the dependence of the distance of snow removal of a combined road vehicle equipped with a high-speed blade on the operating speed of the machine.
Keywords: vehicles for road maintenance, attachments, high-speed dump, snow removal range, clearing the road surface from snow.
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, Ph.D., malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article shows an example and describes the basic principles of drawing up a extrajudicial specialist opinion, provides regulatory sources that can be used by specialists in its design. The legal status of the specialist and specialist opinion is considered. The recommendations mentioned in the article should help specialists in drawing up their specialist opinion.
Keywords: extrajudicial expertise, specialist, structure, design, specialist opinion.
Authors:
Аndrey V. Rusinov, expert, andrej.rusinovv@mail.ru,
ANO RIE «Rus-expertiza», 9А-Н15,
Yаkornaya str., Moscow, 195027, Russia
Abstract. The article reveals the problems of expert activity in the Russian Federation related to the difficulties of reimbursement of expenses when appointing auto-technical examinations in the framework of an administrative investigation. It is shown that these difficulties lead to the fact that citizens cannot defend their rights, prove their innocence, the severity of harm to health, and the true culprits of the accident are not brought to any responsibility. The article also raises the problem related to the fact that according to the current articles of the CPC and the Administrative Code, experts are actually forced by law to forcibly produce the examinations entrusted to them, even if payment for this work has not been made and no current legislation is guaranteed in the future. This often leads to the fact that after the experts produce an expert opinion, it is simply impossible to reimburse them for the work done.
Keywords: forensic automobile-technical expertise, expert, forced labor, legal costs.
Authors:
Ekaterina I. Makarenko, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Makarenko_madi@mail.ru,
MADI, 64, Leningradsky Prosp., Moscow, 125319, Russia
Abstract. The article carries out a social examination of the main provisions of the X Moscow International Engineering Forum "Engineering Personnel - the Basis of Technological Sovereignty," held in November 2022. Modern approaches to the training of engineers, including for the automobile and road complex, are associated primarily with ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country and relate to the following issues: career guidance work; occupancy of training programs for future engineers; their employment in the received specialty; formation of patriotic attitude and social responsibility.
Keywords: social expertise, engineering personnel, technological sovereignty, graduates of technical universities, employers, social responsibility, patriotism.
Authors:
Аnatoliy A. Diyakov, diakov.anatol@ya.ru,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva, 15329022@ yandex.ru,
Larisa P. Shestopalova, ntibr@mail.ru,
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia.
Abstract. The article discusses the consequences of sugar getting into the fuel tank of a car. The main signs are shown by which it can be determined that the cause of the failure of the fuel equipment of the car is connected with the ingress of sugar into its fuel tank.
Keywords: sugar, sucrose, fuel tank, fuel equipment, spectral analysis.
For citation: Diyakov А. A., Likhacheva T. E., Shestopalova L. P. What causes sugar in the fuel tank and how to detect it there. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(1):3-10. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
Мagomed-Sharip М. Мagomedov, m-sharip05@mail.ru
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia.
Abstract. The article describes what a automobile turbocharger is, its purpose, principle of operation and device. The varieties of turbochargers and their systems are considered. Such negative phenomena during the operation of the turbocharger as turbo lag, turbo pit and turbo pick-up are also explained. During the production of automotive technical expertise, it is necessary to understand the design and principle of operation of the object under study, in connection with which the information given in this article concerning automotive turbochargers may be useful to experts (specialists) conducting research on their causes of failure.
Keyword: turbocharger, turbo-boost, turbo-lag, turbo-pit, turbo-pickup, surge.
For citation: Malakhov А. Yu., Мagomedov М.-Sh. М. Purpose, principle of operation and device of the turbocharger of the automobile. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(1):11-25. (in Russ).
Authors:
Gennady V. Kustarev, Ph.D., associate professor, dormash@madi.ru,
Nikita M. Andryukhov, assistant, info@nami.ru,
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia.
Russia, Roman G. Danilov, Ph.D., andryukhov_nm@mail.ru,
Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute “NAMI”, Moscow, Russia.
Abstract. The article presents a methodology for evaluating the efficiency of the distribution of solid reagents sprayed by a combined road vehicle. Tests according to this methodology are necessary for the qualitative determination of the compliance of the parameters of the combined road tire with those specified by the manufacturer. This, among other things, can be achieved in the production of expertise of special equipment. The article also shows the results of testing the performance of a combined road vehicle depending on the density of the distribution of reagents and the range of movement of the machine from the place of filling with reagents to the treated road section.
Keywords: ice, distributor of solid reagents, distribution, reagent, distribution disk
For citation: Kustarev G. V., Andryukhov N. M., Danilov R. G. Tests of the width and density of the distribution of solid reagents scattered combined road vehicle. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(1): 26-32. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аndrey V. Rusinov ANO RIE “Rus-expertiza”,andrej.rusinovv@mail.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Abstract. The article reveals the problems of expert activity in the Russian Federation related to the difficulties of reimbursement of expenses when appointing auto-technical examinations in the framework of an administrative investigation. It is shown that these difficulties lead to the fact that citizens cannot defend their rights, prove their innocence, the severity of harm to health, and the true culprits of the accident are not brought to any responsibility. The article also raises the problem related to the fact that according to the current articles of the CPC and the Administrative Code, experts are actually forced by law to forcibly produce the examinations entrusted to them, even if payment for this work has not been made and no current legislation is guaranteed in the future. This often leads to the fact that after the experts produce an expert opinion, it is simply impossible to reimburse them for the work done.
Keywords: traffic rules, road safety, road markings, road signs
For citation: Rusinov А. V. Problems of organizing safe traffic or how not to drive into the oncoming lane. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(1):38-48. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аnatoliy A. Diyakov, diakov.anatol@ya.ru,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva, 15329022@ yandex.ru,
Larisa P. Shestopalova, ntibr@mail.ru,
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia.
Abstract. The article shows the consequences of improper storage, extraction or transportation of the object of forensic examination. Prolonged storage of parts without proper preservation can lead to their severe corrosion damage, which will make such research objects unsuitable for the production of objective forensic examination. The article provides recommendations on the implementation of measures to ensure the safety of the object of study.
Keywords: forensic expert, examination, prejudice, objection.
For citation: Diyakov А. A., Likhacheva T. E., Shestopalova L. P. Is it possible to take revenge on an expert? Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(1):33-37. (in Russ).
Authors:
Larisa G. Petrova, petrova_madi@mail.ru,
Petr E. Demin, petr-demin@yandex.ru
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
Abstract. During the production of automotive technical expertise, including metal research, or when solving topical issues of reverse engineering, there is a need to determine the brand of the part material. However, this often becomes not such an easy task, since many countries have their own national standards for labeling materials. Within the framework of this article, a similar topic will be considered in relation to cast iron. The authors show the principle of marking different types of cast iron according to the standards of different countries and analyze the compliance of these brands with the brands of cast iron according to Russian GOST.
Keywords: marking, cast iron, plate, spherical flake, vermicular graphite, antifriction cast iron
Acknowledgements: the material was prepared within the framework of scientific research under project No.FSFM-2020-0011 (2019-1342), experimental studies were conducted using the equipment of the MADI collective use center.
For citation: Petrova L. G., Demin P. E. Determination of mutual conformity of cast iron grades in the automotive industry according to domestic and foreign standards. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(1):49-69. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аnatoliy A. Diyakov 1,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva 2,
Larisa P. Shestopalova 3,
Dmitriy G. Egorov 4
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
1 diakov.anatol@ya.ru
2 t5329022@yandex.ru
3 ntibr@mail.ru
4 nord@ro.ru sia
Abstract. The article is about the peculiarity of the operation of Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines – turbocharged direct fuel injection engines. Premature ignition at low speed (LSPI) leads to damage to the pistons of GDI engines. The article discusses the hypothesis about the causes of this negative phenomenon of disruption of the combustion process of the fuel-air mixture. The method of expert investigation of signs indicating the occurrence of an abnormal LSPI combustion process in the engine is shown. The method of expert investigation of signs indicating the occurrence of an abnormal LSPI combustion process in the engine is shown.
Keywords:low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI), premature ignition at low rpm, GDI, combustion disturbance, destruction of piston inter-ring partitions
For citation: : Diyakov А. A., Likhacheva T. E., Shestopalova L. P., Egorov D. G. Low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) or premature ignition at low speed in turbocharged internal combustion engines with direct injection of gasoline into the cylinders (GDI). Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023; 2(7):3-10. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov, malahov-alex@yandex.ru,
Мagomed-Sharip М. Мagomedov, m-sharip05@mail.ru
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia.
Abstract.The article discusses the most common causes of failure of automobile turbocharger and describes the signs by which they can be determined. This article can become a visual aid for experts (specialists) conducting a study of the causes of failure of an automobile turbocharger.
Keyword: turbocharger, causes of failure, rotor shaft backlash, destruction of compressor and turbine wheel blades, jamming of the mechanism of the nozzle apparatus of variable cross-section
For citation: Malakhov А. Yu., Мagomedov М.-Sh. М. The main reasons for the failure of an automobile turbocharger. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(2):11-29. (in Russ).
Authors:
Roman G. Danilov 1,
Gennady V. Kustarev 2,
Nikita M. Andryukhov 3
1 Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute “NAMI”,
Moscow, Russia ,
2, 3 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
1 info@nami.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-6164
2 dormash@madi.ru
3 andryukhov_nm@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2982-114X
Abstraсt. Testing of rotary mills designed to obtain and improve road construction materials is an urgent task. The improvement of mechanical equipment for the production of powders of various fineness is of practical interest. Rotary mills are characterized by compact dimensions, relatively low weight and low energy costs during operation. The article presents the results of tests of rotary mills when grinding various materials. The results of the study can be used, among other things, during the examination of road-building materials in terms of the quality of dispersion of road-building materials
Keyword: production of road-building materials, rotary mill with gear-like gearing, fineness of grinding, building powders.
For citation: Danilov R. G., Kustarev G. V., Andryukhov N. M. Tests of rotary mills with gear-like gearing to determine the quality of grinding materials used in road construction. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023; (2): 30-34. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov 1,
Natalya N. Vulman 2
1 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
2 ANO «SOUYZEXPERTIZA» CCI RF,
Moscow, Russia
1 malahov-alex@yandex.ru
2 info@soex.ru
Abstraсt. The article discusses what consumer extremism is in the automobile business and its goals. It is shown that often consumer extremism is associated with an artificial imitation of a manufacturing defect of a part (assembly, unit) of the automobile, by means of an abnormal external impact on it (on it). The article also discusses the question of what is a significant drawback of the automobile and whether an autotechnical expert has the right to determine it.
Keyword: consumer extremism, reputational blackmail, automobile, significant drawback, warranty repair
For citation: Malakhov А. Yu., Vulman N. N. Consumer extremism in the automotive business and what is a significant disadvantage of the automobile. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023; (2):35-47. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аndrey V. Rusinov
ANO RIE “Rus-expertiza”,
Saint Petersburg, Russia
andrej.rusinovv@mail.ru
Abstraсt. The article raises the problem of the constantly increasing number of road accidents in the Russian Federation since 2011 related to the collision of vehicles with pedestrians at pedestrian crossings. The analysis showed that such a radical change in the pattern of collisions with pedestrians occurred after radical changes were made to the traffic regulations of the Russian Federation in 2011 to the rules for the passage of pedestrian crossings by motor vehicles. The author proposes to amend the traffic regulations of the Russian Federation in order to solve the identified problem and reduce cases of hitting pedestrians.
Keyword: traffic rules, hitting a pedestrian, pedestrian crossing, safe car speed
For citation: Rusinov А. V. Problems of organizing pedestrian traffic across the road or is everything OK with traffic regulations for pedestrians and drivers. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(2):48-58. (in Russ).
Authors:
Larisa G. Petrova 1,
Irina S. Belashova 2,
Peter E. Demin 3,
Mikhail A. Frolov 4
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
1 petrova_madi@mail.ru
2 irina455@inbox.ru
3 petr-demin@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8469-1432
4 michcool@mail.ru
Abstraсt. The article discusses the issues of transition to a brittle state of common carbon and alloy construction steels, used in conditions of low temperatures. This information may be useful to experts (specialists) in the study of the causes of destruction of metal products made of structural steels used in metal constructions and machinery, including automotive, which are operated in conditions of very negative temperatures (for example, in the Arctic).
Keyword: critical temperature, transition mechanism, brittle fracture, construction steels, Arctic climate
Acknowledgements: the material was prepared within the framework of scientific research under project No. FSFM-2020-0011 (2019-1342), experimental studies were conducted using the equipment of the MADI collective use center.
For citation: Petrova L. G., Belashova I. S., Demin P. E., Frolov M. A. Evaluation of the critical temperature of transition to brittle state of construction steels operating in the arctic region. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(2):59-70. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аnatoliy A. Diyakov 1,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva 2,
Dmitriy G. Egorov3,
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
1 diakov.anatol@ya.ru
2 t5329022@yandex.ru
3 nord@ro.ru
Abstract. Under certain conditions, condensation forms from the air. In car head lighting devices (headlights), condensation can also be released and settle on the inner surface of the glass. Motorists call this phenomenon fogging headlights. Severe fogging of the headlights can lead to negative results such as reduced visibility. The spectrum of rays passing through the condensate layer is scattered and refracted, which significantly affects the quality of illumination of the road. The consequences of such changes in optics lead not only to discomfort for the driver during driving, but also to emergency situations. Due to the ambiguity of the conclusions reached by forensic experts when considering lawsuits related to this phenomenon, the authors consider it appropriate to propose this topic for discussion in an expert journal.
Keywords: fogging, condensation, block headlight, headlamps, insufficient visibility, insufficient illumination of the road
For citation: : Diyakov А. A., Likhacheva T. E., Egorov D. G. Fog lights – a defect or a physical law of nature? Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;3(8):3-15. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аndrey V. Rusinov ANO RIE “Rus-expertiza”,
andrej.rusinovv@mail.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Abstract. The article raises the problem of incorrect drawing up by authorized employees of the relevant authorities of schemes of the place of road accidents (road accidents). As a result, this leads to the impossibility of an objective analysis of such schemes and, as a consequence, the impossibility of an objective assessment of the mechanism of a traffic accident during the production of transport-tracological expertise. The article provides a general procedure and recommendations for drawing up a diagram of the accident site.
Keywords: traffic accident, the scheme of the accident site, transport and tracological expertise, the mechanism of the accident
For citation: Rusinov А. V. How to correctly draw up a diagram of the accident site suitable for the production of transport and tracological expertise. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(3):16-23. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Roman G. Danilov 1,
Gennady V. Kustarev 2,
Nikita M. Andryukhov 3
1 Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute “NAMI”,
Moscow, Russia ,
2, 3 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
1 info@nami.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-6164
2 dormash@madi.ru
3 andryukhov_nm@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2982-114X
Abstraсt. Testing of rotary mills designed to obtain and improve road construction materials is an urgent task today. The article presents a method for testing rotary mills with gearlike gearing, and also offers formulas for determining their power characteristics. In addition, the article shows the results of multifactorial experiments on crushing limestone crushed stone (в = 80 MPa) with a piece size of less than 7 mm, confirming the correctness of the proposed formulas. The results of the study can be used, among other things, during the examination of road-building materials in terms of the quality of the resulting road-building material, or the examination of the equipment used in this case.
Keywords: production of road-building materials, rotary mill with gear-like gearing, power consumption, rotor speed.
For citation: Danilov R. G., Kustarev G. V., Andryukhov N. M. Testing of rotary mills with gear-like gearing to determine their power characteristics. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(2):24-30. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Igor S. Sukhov 1,
Kira V. Lyapina 2,
Maksim S. Naumov 3,
Vladislav P. Ilyushin 4
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
1 sukhov.mosti@mail.ru
2 kirulya@mail.ru
3 maxim.na2018@yandex.ru
4 il-vlad@mail.ru
Abstraсt. The article deals with the introduction of new steel grades with increased strength characteristics into bridge construction, as well as the introduction of new steel rolling technologies. This topic has been especially relevant in the last few years, due to the increasing demand from project organizations. When considering the materials introduced for the first time, the question of expected and minimum permissible characteristics inevitably arises during their study.
Keyword: high-strength steel, rolled steel, steel bridges, steel endurance, steel fatigue, new types of steel.
Acknowledgements: the material was prepared within the framework of scientific research under project No. FSFM-2020-0011 (2019-1342), experimental studies were conducted using the equipment of the MADI collective use center.
For citation:Sukhov I. S., Lyapina K. V., Naumov M. S., Ilyushin V. P. Problems of introduction of new types and grades of steel in bridge construction. Endurance of steels. Steel grades C420-C460. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;3(8):31-39. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
malahov-alex@yandex.ru
Abstraсt.The article presents the most common terms in automotive technical expertise and gives their definitions with references to relevant regulatory and technical sources (GOST). The author also gives detailed explanations of some terms and definitions. The objectivity and validity of the judicial conclusion they have executed depends on the correctness of the use of certain terms by experts in the automotive expertise.
Keyword: terms, definitions, automotive technical expertise
For citation: Malakhov А. Yu. Terms used in automotive technical expertise and their definitions. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(3):40-51. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Larisa G. Petrova, petrova_madi@mail.ru,
Vsevolod V. Malkov, vsevolodmalkov23@mail.ru,
Artem V. Kosachev, kosachevmadi@yandex.ru
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
Abstract. The article discusses hydrogen transport, its emergence and development prospects, in particular, the use of getter alloys to improve the hydrogen infrastructure.
Keywords: hydrogen transport, fuel cells, getter alloys
Acknowledgements: the material was prepared within the framework of scientific research under project No. FSFM-2020-0011 (2019-1342), experimental studies were conducted using the equipment of the MADI collective use center.
For citation: Petrova L. G., Malkov V. V., Kosachev A. V. Hydrogen transport and the role of getter alloys in its development. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(3):52-62. (in Russ).
Authors:
Аnatoliy A. Diyakov 1,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva 2,
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
1 diakov.anatol@ya.ru
2 t5329022@yandex.ru
Abstract. The article briefly touches upon the issues of the theory of water hammer and provides information about the founder of the theory, academician N. E. Zhukovsky. Examples of examinations on the guide road that occurred in car engines are given. The characteristic traces and signs of damage on the parts of the engine in which the water hammer occurred are listed. An explanation of the existing terms of "delayed" and "delayed" water hammer is given. The nature of the fracture is compared when using alloy structural steels and steels containing high sulfur and phosphorus content for the manufacture of connecting rods.
Keywords: water hammer, delayed and delayed water hammer, destruction of the connecting rod of the engine.
For citation: : Diyakov А. A., Likhacheva T. E., Shestopalova L. P. Can a hydraulic shock in a piston engine be «delayed»?. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(4):3-18. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov 1,
Anvar А. Khaziev 2,
Aleksey N. Pronnikov 3,
Aleksey S. Kudinov 4
1, 2, 3 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
4 ООО «Apriori-expert», Moscow, Russia
1 malahov-alex@yandex.ru
2 madi-chim@mail.ru
3 alekseipronnikov@yandex.ru
4 askudinov@yandex.ru
Abstract. The article discusses the basic requirements for the permissible concentration of resins in automotive fuel. The processes of resin formation in automotive fuel are described. The article shows the main consequences for internal combustion engine parts, which are caused by the use of low-quality fuel in automobile with a high content of resins in the composition.
Keywords: washed and unwashed resins, gasoline, destruction of the intake valves of the internal combustion engine, loss of mobility of the piston ringsFor citation:Malakhov А. Yu., Khaziev А. А., Pronnikov А. N., Kudinov A. S. Consequences of resin in automobile fuil. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(4):19-29. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Аndrey V. Rusinov
ANO RIE «Rus-expertiza», Saint Petersburg, Russia
andrej.rusinovv@mail.ru
Abstract. The article raises the problem of incorrect compilation by authorized employees of the relevant authorities of the "Protocol of inspection of the accident site" in terms of fixing the traffic situation and the material situation at the accident site. It is shown that for the proper preparation of the "Protocol of inspection of the accident site" it is necessary not only to be attentive to the preparation of the protocol, but also to know and understand the appropriate special terminology. Some of the necessary terms and definitions are given in the article.
Keywords:traffic accident (road accident), protocol of inspection of the accident site, the physical situation at the accident site, insufficient visibility, limited visibility, visibility, unobserved areas
For citation:Rusinov А. V. How to correctly reflect visibility and visibility in the accident scene inspection protocol. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(4):30-39. (in Russ.).
EXPERTISE OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
Authors:
Artem V. Serkov 1,
Andrey S. Baranov 2,
Аlexandra M. Alyukhina 3
1, 2, 3 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
1 arts15@mail.ru
2 baranovtab@gmail.ru
3 аlexalu1610@gmail.com
Abstract. The analysis of the work of road construction machines is a call to solve functional tasks that are aimed at improving productivity, quality, load capacity and resource. Creating machine models allows you to analyze technical solutions in advance before starting production, which saves money.
Keywords:front loader, model, breakdowns, production, defects
For citation: For citation: Serkov А. V., Baranov A. S., Alyukhina A. M. Investigation of the dynamic model of the front bucket loader. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(4):40-44. (in Russ.).
ROAD CONSTRUCTION EXPERTISE
Authors:
Olga M. Bondarenko 1,
Sergey Yu. Rozov 2
1, 2 ООО “NITS “SOYUZEKSPERTIZA” CCI RF, Moscow, Russia
1, 2 src@soex.ru
Abstract. The quality of winter maintenance of roads and streets, including the fight against winter slipperiness and environmental protection, directly depends on the quality of the used PGMs, which is regulated by current regulations and documents in the road (municipal) industry. The article provides an overview of the types of anti-icing materials (ADM) used in Russia to combat winter slipperiness on roads, and also describes the main functions and operations carried out to control the quality of the used AIM in accordance with current standards.
Keywords:de-icing materials (IGM), chemical, friction, combined IGM, quality of IGM.
For citation: Bondarenko O. M., Rozov S. Yu. Quality control of deicing products materi-
als. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(4):45-51. (in Russ.).
EXPERT DISCUSSION
Authors:
Ekaterina I. Makarenko
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI),
Moscow, Russia
makarenko_madi@mail.ru
Abstract. Тhe article examines the main provisions of the Moscow International Engineering Forums of recent years related to the implementation of the policy of technological sovereignty. The main problem in the field of training engineers in 2023 was the need to strengthen interaction between universities and enterprises in the scientific and technological plan.
Keywords: Keywords: engineers, technical universities, synergy, production, industry, technological sovereignty.
For citation: Makarenko Е. I. Comparative expertise of current trends in the training of engineers. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2023;(4):52-56. (in Russ.).
INFORMATION FOR EXPERT
AUTOTECHNICAL EXPERTISE
Authors:
Аleksandr Yu. Malakhov 1,
Aleksey N. Pronnikov 2,
Aleksey S. Kudinov 3,
Aleksey N. Livanskiy 4
1, 2, 4 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
3 LLC “Apriori-expert”, Moscow, Russia
1 malahov-alex@yandex.ru
2 alekseipronnikov@yandex.ru
3 askudinov@yandex.ru
4 alex.lefmo@yandex.ru
Abstract. The article discusses the basic requirements for the permissible level of internal noise of a vehicle and for the noise level of exhaust gases of a stationary vehicle. It shows which parts in the internal combustion engine, transmission, suspension, steering system and brake mechanism of the automobile can be sources of non-standard (uncharacteristic for correct operation) sound. It also shows which devices control the noise level, and which are used to accurately locate the source of abnormal (uncharacteristic) sound.
Keywords: non-standard (uncharacteristic for correct operation) sounds in the car, internal noise level, exhaust gas exhaust noise, sound level meter, stethoscope
For citation: Malakhov А. Yu., Pronnikov А. N., Kudinov A. S., Livanskiy A. E. Research of non-standard (uncharacteristic for correct operation) sounds that occur during the operation of the automobile. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024;(1):3-25. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Alexandr I. Nedobitkov 1,
Yuri А. Nedobitkov 2,
Anna B. Zinovyeva 3,
Alexandr V. Cherepanov 4
1, 2 D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
3, 4 LLP “Avto VIP”, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
1, 2 a.nedobitkov@mail.ru
3, 4 avto_vip@mail.ru
Abstract. Assurance of quality of the automotive industry products is a critical task. The article covers the case of destruction of a cast iron crankshaft of an internal combustion engine.We have analyzed the influence of technological parameters of modification of constructional cast iron on its textural features and properties. The studies were conducted with the use of the JSM-6390LV scanning-electron microscope with an accessory for energy dispersive microanalysis and the DuraScan 20 microhardness tester. The article also includes scanning microscopy data and influence of microhardness values on the process of destruction of a crank-shaft. In the article we have also presented forensically significant signs, which could be indicative of the destruction cause. The obtained results could be used when performing expert study of cast-iron parts of vehicles and cars in order to determine the mechanism of their destruction and, ultimately, to identify causes of a failure of a unit or a component.
Keywords: automotive examination, scanning electron microscope, crankshaft, deficiency, failure
For citation: Nedobitkov A. I., Nedobitkov Yu. А., Zinovyeva А. В., Cherepanov A. V. Investigation of the cause of the destruction of the threaded hole of the cast iron crankshaft. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024; (1):26-35. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Larisa P. Shestopalova 1,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva 2
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
1ntibr@mail.ru
2 t5329022@yandex.ru
Abstract. A series of articles devoted to the topic "Research of the technical condition of the automobileʹs paintwork". This article is the first of a series and describes the peculiarities of applying and forming a paint coating on automobile body at a manufacturer or service company. The article presents the defects of the paint coating that arise during its application as a result of non-compliance with technical standards.
Keywords: paint material, paint coating, phosphating, cataphoresis, primer, putty
For citation: Shestopalova L. P., Likhacheva T. E. Research of the technical condition of the automobileʹs paintwork. Part 1. Application and formation of paintwork on the automobile body. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024; (10):36-54. (in Russ.).
ROAD CONSTRUCTION EXPERTISE
Authors:
Igor S. Sukhov 1,
Kira V. Liapina 2,
Maksim S. Naumov 3,
Andrey S. Sukhov 4
1, 2, 3, 4 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
1 sukhov.mosti@mail.ru
2 kirulya@mail.ru
3 maxim.na2018@yandex.ru
4 A.Suhov@madi.ru
Abstract. In Russia, the aluminum alloy bridge project was implemented during the construction of a road bridge over the Linda River. This article discusses the experience of scientific support in the design and construction of this road bridge.
Keywords: bridge, road bridge, aluminum bridge, aluminum alloys, bridge tests, endurance, dynamic tests, static tests
For citation: Sukhov I. S., Liapina K. V., Naumov M. S., Sukhov А. S. Scientific support experience in the design and construction of the first aluminum road bridge in Russia. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024; (1):55-62. (in Russ.).
FORENSIC TECHNICAL EXPERTISE. LEGAL SUPPORT
Authors:
Аnatoliy A. Diyakov 1,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva 2
1, 2 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
1 diakov.anatol@ya.ru
2 t5329022@yandex.ru
Abstract. Objectivity, comprehensiveness and completeness of research are the basic principles of any expertise. And it does not matter whether the expertise conducted by an expert (specialist) is pre-trial or judicial, it is always necessary to adhere to these basic principles. Otherwise, the expert (specialist) by his incomplete research, he may admit the impossibility of the court making an unambiguously correct decision, and the injured party in the case will not be able to achieve legitimate justice. An example of this case will be shown in this article.
Keywords: expertise, expert conclusion, comprehensiveness and completeness of research, evidence in the case
For citation: Diyakov А. A., Likhacheva T. E. For an auto mechanic, the reason is elementary, but the auto expert could not prove it. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024; (1):63-72. (in Russ.).
EXPERT DISCUSSION
Authors:
Olga V. Chudina 1,
Ekaterina A. Postnova 2
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
1 chudina_madi@mail.ru
2 kate57318@gmail.com
Abstract. A comparative analysis of the influence of various types of chemical heat treatment on the structure and properties of steels used in the manufacture of KAMAZ-5490 vehicle cardan shaft crosses is carried out. Microstructures and microhardness distribution graphs of medium-carbon steels after nitriding, carbonitration and boriding are presented. Recommendations on rational choice of material and hardening technology for achievement of optimum characteristics of heavy loaded machine parts are given.
Keywords: chemical thermal treatment, cementation, nitriding, carbonitration, boriding, microstructure, microhardness
For citation: Сhudina O. V., Postnova E. A. Comparative analysis of methods of chemical and thermal treatment for hardening the crosspiece of the driveshaft of a truck KAMAZ-5490. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024;(1):73-81. (in Russ.).
AUTOTECHNICAL EXPERTISE
Authors:
Kirill N. Bashev 1,
Ildar R. Dasaev 2,
Мagomed-Sharip М. Мagomedov 3
1, 2, 3 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
1 k_stunt32@mail.ru
2 dasaev.ildar2@mail.ru
3 m-sharip05@mail.ru
Abstract. For a long time, engineers have been developing and upgrading various internal combustion engine systems in order to extend its service life. The use of new materials and structures, the processes of creation, assembly and commissioning of new technologies and devices have contributed to the reliability of modern engines. This article will tell you about one of the most important components of the intake system of the internal combustion engine of the automotive, which directly affects the reliability of its operation – the air filter. The design and varieties of automotive filters are considered, as well as possible problems and consequences for the engine when it is operated with a contaminated air filter.
Keywords: automotive air filter, intake system of the internal combustion engine, internal
combustion engine
For citation: Bashev K. N., Dasaev I. R., Мagomedov М.-Sh. М. Assessment of the effect of a clogged automobile air filter on engine operation. Automotive and Road expert evaluation.2024; (2):3-13. (in Russ.).
Authors:
Arsen M. Arakelyan 1,
Egor A. Dessert 2,
Aleksey E. Perekrestov 3
Valeria A. Perekrestova 4
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
1 arakelyan-7v@yandex.ru
2 egor.kkommonn88@gmail.com
3 alemadi@mail.ru
4 lirika013@yandex.ru
Abstract. The article shows a study of the causes of damage to chrome and
aluminum decorative linings (moldings) of the automobile. The influence of the use of alkaline shampoos during washing on the decorative lining (moldings) of the car, as well
as the impact on them of the lack of timely maintenance during operation, is shown.
Keywords: damage to decorative linings (moldings), chrome plating, anodizing,
corrosion
For citation: Arakelyan A. M., Dessert E. A., Perekrestov A. E., Perekrestova V. A.
The reasons for the destruction of chrome and aluminum decorative linings (moldings)
of automobile. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024; (2):14-27. (in Russ.).
Authors:
AАleksandr Yu. Malakhov
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
malahov-alex@yandex.ru
Abstract. Electude Simulator Challenge is an electronic automobile diagnostic simulator
developed by the Netherlandish company Electude. The electronic platform uses gaming technologies to teach students of technical specialties. The simulator allows you to study the basic principles of automobile diagnostics using a diagnostic scanner, multimeter, oscilloscope.
Keywords: Electude Simulator Challenge, automobile diagnostics, diagnostic scanner,
multi-meter, oscilloscope.
For citation: Malakhov А. Yu. Automobile diagnostic simulator «Electude Simulator Challenge». Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024; (2):28-39. (in Russ).
EXPERTISE OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
Authors:
Vladimir V. Mankov 1,
Galina Yu. Timofeeva 2,
Artem V. Kosachev 3,
Igor A. Zabaluev 4
1,2,3 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
4 ООО «NPO TULSKIE KRANY», Bogoroditsky district, Tula region, Russia
1 wladimirmankov@yandex.ru
2 galina.omega@gmail.com
3 pers1991@mail.ru
4 zia-60@mail.ru
Abstract. The creation of an all-terrain vehicle on a walking track is an urgent task for
the fast and cheap development of remote regions of different countries. Due to the design features, these machines will be able to compete with other types of equipment in the mass of transportable payload on various types of soil.
Keywords: snow and swamp vehicle, walking excavator, mechanism Chebyshev.
Funding: the material was prepared within the framework of scientific research under project No. FSFM-2020-0011 (2019-1342).
For citation: Маnkov V. V., Timofeeva G. Yu., Kosachev A. V., Zabaluev I. A. Features of the walking all-terrain vehicle in harsh climatic conditions. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024; (2):40-45. (in Russ.).
ROAD CONSTRUCTION EXPERTISE
Authors:
Igor S. Sukhov 1,
Kira V. Liapina 2,
Maksim S. Naumov 3,
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
1 sukhov.mosti@mail.ru
2 kirulya@mail.ru
3 maxim.na2018@yandex.ru
Abstract. The article discusses the practical experience of conducting dynamic tests on
the example of a bearing element of a bridge structure. When testing a pedestrian bridge with a complex configuration, an experiment was conducted to determine the operating stresses during dynamic tests.
Keywords: bridge construction, steel bridge, dynamic calculation, natural frequencies,
dynamic tests
For citation: Sukhov I. S., Liapina K. V., Naumov M. S. Dynamic analysis of bridge structures. Determination of operating stress. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024; (2):46-51. (in Russ.).
FORENSIC TECHNICAL EXPERTISE. LEGAL SUPPORT
Authors:
Аnatoliy A. Diyakov 1,
Tatyana E. Likhacheva 2,
Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia
1 diakov.anatol@ya.ru
2 t5329022@yandex.ru
Abstract. The publication touches upon the problem of the bias of, which are used in the
judicial process by the party to the case, as a basis for the appointment of a second forensic exspertise. It is proposed to evaluate such specialist opinions for compliance with the requirements of Article 8 of Federal Law №73-FZ dated 05/31/2001 «On State Forensic Expertise in the Russian Federation»: objectivity, comprehensiveness and completeness of research, the ability to verify the validity and reliability of the conclusions based on generally accepted scientific and practical data.
Keywords: judicial expertise, objectivity, validity, reliability
For citation: Diyakov А. A., Likhacheva T. E. Pseudo-evidence of specialists as "softeners" of the facts of forensic expertise. Automotive and Road expert evaluation. 2024;(2):52-60. (in Russ.).
А new issue of the magazine 2(11)/2024 was published, which you can find on our website in the "Issues" section.
We are waiting for your articles and messages or comments in the "Discussion Platform" section!
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In jule 2023, a new issue of the magazine 2(7)/2023 was published, which you can find on our website in the "Issues" section.
We are waiting for your articles and messages or comments in the "Discussion Platform" section!
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The editorial board has changed in the journal.
Alexander Malakhov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory, Associate Professor of the Department of Structural Materials Technologies, Head of the Department of Engineering and Additive Technologies CADI, deputy Editor-in-Chief; Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Basic Department of Human Capital Development, Vice President, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation, was appointed Editor-in-Chief Federation Fateev Maxim Albertovich.
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Interview with a member of the editorial board of the journal, Deputy Director General of the ANO "SOYUZEXPERTIZA" the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation (SOEX) Oksana Polygalova "Publication in our journal confirms expert competence!" - Оксана Полыгалова: Публикации в нашем журнале подтверждают экспертную компетентность (tpprf.ru)
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In march 2023, a new issue of the magazine 1(6)/2023 was published, which you can find on our website in the "Issues" section.
We are waiting for your articles and messages or comments in the "Discussion Platform" section!
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In December 2022, the next issue of the magazine 4(5)/2022 was published, which you can find on our website in the "Issues" section. We wish all our readers a happy New Year! Our magazine is already a year old. We are waiting for your articles and messages or comments in the "Discussion Platform" section!
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In october 2022, a new issue of the magazine 3(4)/2022 was published, which you can find on our website in the "Issues" section.
We are waiting for your articles and messages or comments in the "Discussion Platform" section!
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In july 2022, a new issue of the journal 2(3)/2022 was published, which you can find on our website in the "Issues" section.
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The editorial office opens a new section of the magazine "Discussion Platform".
The editorial board of the journal informs you that a new section "Discussion Platform" will be launched on the pages of our journal, where you will be able to express your positive or negative opinion (judgment) regarding any topic (problem) considered within the framework of published articles.
A discussion is a dialogue during which its participants try to come to a common opinion, to reach an agreement on any issue.
Sometimes a dispute may arise during the discussion of a problem, but the purpose of the discussion is not to defeat the enemy and impose one's opinion, but to find the most optimal solution, compromises, and the development of new ideas.
Discussion is often considered as a method that activates the process of studying a complex topic, theoretical and scientific problem.
It will be very important for us to know your opinion about the published materials in the journal, as well as to familiarize other readers of our journal with it.
The text of the message does not have to be designed in accordance with the rules for the design of articles for the journal. You can simply forward it to the journal's email address aree@madi.ru , and it will definitely be published in the next issue. If you wish, this message can even be published anonymously.
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We are waiting for your full-fledged articles for the magazine and messages to the "Discussion Platform" section!
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION AND WRITING OF SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES
The publication of articles in the journal is completely free of charge!
The presented material (paper) should correspond to the main subjects, to be original, not previously published in other publications. Edited and proofread by the author. The editors reserve the right to check the text for plagiarism. The originality of the text should be 70% or more.
The scientific article should contain 8-15 pages in A4 format, portrait orientation, Times New Roman font, color - black, font size - 14; interval - 1,5, field 2.5 cm on all sides. References are to be cited in brackets within the text. Example [1, p. 5]. Pagination is not affixed.
The presence of figures (no more than 8), formulas (no more than 15) and tables is allowed only in cases where a process cannot be described in textual form. Figures should be clear, black and white. The text in the figures must be readable. Formulas are typed in the formula editor (Microsoft Equation, Mattype). Insertion of formulas in the form of images is not permitted.
Scientific articles structure is as follows: Title, Abstract, Keywords, Main text (must have an introductory part), the data on the methodology of research, an experimental part, a conclusion and references.
In the upper left corner you must specify the UDC (http://lib.sportedu.ru/UDC.idc).
Page orientation of the article should be a book.
Title of the article: First name, patronymic, family name of the author (s) without abbreviations, academic degree, title, position, name of the institution or the scientific organization, with postal address and index, in which the work was done, e-mail of the author (s) (in Russian and English).
Abstract. It describes the goals and objectives of the research and its practical application (in Russian and English). The text of the annotation should not contain the title of the article.
Keywords. A set of keywords has to include the concepts and terms mentioned in article, and confirming relevance and novelty of the discussed researches and their results (3-5 words and phrases) (in Russian and English).
Introduction. In the introduction, the relevance of the study is formulated, the value of scientific evidence in theory and practice.
Main part. It must occupy a central place in your article by size. The main part should contain methodology of research, the content of experiment its analysis, synthesis, and an explanation of data or comparison of theories. If the article is theoretical, the thoughts and ideas that will be further analyzed must be stated.
Conclusions and recommendations. This section sums up the results of scientific research. The conclusions should logically correspond to the tasks stated at the beginning of the article.
References (References). References in Cyrillic script shall be in accordance with GOST 7.1-2003. In Latin script, references are made in accordance with international standards (http://ru.translit.net).
The composition of the sources should be relevant and contain at least 8 articles from scientific journals not earlier than 10 years, 4 of them - not earlier than 3 years. Among the sources, there should not be more than 20% that were written or co-written by the author himself. When selecting the source it is recommended to consider its availability. It is desirable to have access to the texts of the Internet. References should contain at least 10 sources.
Articles must be signed, contain a review signed and stamped by the reviewer and information about the author (s). The information about the author can specify the number of scientific publications in journals and books (number of books, monographs, teaching aids published in this area). Articles are to be sent in by regular post or e-mail or delivered directly by the author to the publisher, 405н. Registered letters and parcels will not be accepted. Letters rejected by the publisher shall not be returned to sender.
Articles written by graduate students are published free of charge.
The Editorial office encourages authors to subscribe to the magazine in advance.
More information and a sample of an article is posted on the website MADI in the "Vestnik of MADI" section.
GUIDELINES (REFERENCES)
Foreign standards do not incorporate the use of the sign // and - (dash) between the year and the page number, and if the Russian-language bibliographic description does not list all the authors (written "and others."), references that specify all the authors are required.1. Articles from Russian-language journals and books, conference proceedings:
Articles from journals:
Bochcarev I.A., Fedorov I.I. (All last names are written in the beginning of the reference in regular font) (name of article is not included) Vestnik (title of the journal in italics), 2016, no. 9, pp. 2-8 (year, number, pages with a lowercase letter, regular font, separated by commas).
Articles from a collection of works:
Bochcarev A.I., Fedorov I.I. (All last names are written in the beginning of the reference in regular font) (name of the article is not included) Problemy prava (the name of the collection in italics), Sbornik statei, Moscow (place of publication is to written in English, rather than in Russian, using English letters), 2016, pp. 7-12. (Place of publication, year, pages with a lowercase letter, regular font, separated by commas).
Articles from conference materials:
Bochcarev I.A., Fedorov I.I. (All last names are written in the beginning of the reference in regular font) (name of the article is not included) Materialy Mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii "Strategicheskoe upravlenie i controlling", Moscow, 2016, pp. 108-104.
Article from online resources:
Bochcarev I.A., Fedorov I.I. (All last names are written in the beginning of the reference in regular font) (name of the article is not included) Electronny zhurnal "Trudy MAI", 2016, no. 54, available at: http // www / mal / ru / science
2. Books, book chapters:
Bochcarev I.A., Fedorov I.I. (All last names are written in the beginning of the reference in regular font) Obespechenie nadezhnosti system (book title in Latin letters in italics) (Ensuringthe Realiability of system) (in brackets Roman font name in English translation), Moscow (place of publication Roman font in English), Progress 2018, 215, p. (If the article is given, the specified page: pp. 6-12).
3. Patents:
Bochcarev I.A., Fedorov I.I. Patent RU 2230870 C2, 20.06.2004.
4. Standards:
Shum. Obshchie trebovaniya bezopasnosti, GOST 1210033-76 (Neise. General safety reguirements, State Standart 1210033-76), Moscow, standarty, 1992, 9 p.
5. Regulations:
O merakh gosudarstvennoy podderzhki. Posyanovlenie pravitelstva Rossiiskoi Federatsii ot 09.04.2010, № 218 (On Measures of State Support. Decree of Russion Federation of 09.04.2010 no. 218), Moscow, 2010.
6. English sources are cited in the original language in full:
Article:
Sooper L.P. Status of advanced for space-baced orbital transfer vehicle, Acta Astronautica, 2018, no. 5, pp. 515-518.
Book:
Sooper L.P. Status of advanced for space-baced orbital transfer vehicle, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2018, 245 p.
Articles that aren’t written according to the requirements are not accepted.
PROCEDURE OF JOURNAL SCIENTIFIC REVIEW
1. Articles published in the magazine, are subject to mandatory internal review. An external review by the author is allowed, but can not substitute the internal review.2. Review of articles is carried out free of charge.
3. Articles of the Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences are not subject to internal review. The same refers to informational materials about scientific events, surveys, reviews, and reviews of published scientific works.
4. The article is included in the register within three days after it reached the editor. After verification of the subject areas of the article to these of scientific journal, appliance of technical requirements to the design and structure of the article, the e-mail is sent to the author which notify that the process of consideration and reviewing started. In case the articles content is inappropriate to journals scientific subjects an e-mail with founded refusal is sent to the author. In case the technical design of the manuscript is inappropriate the author is asked to change it and to send the article again.
5. The reviewer is appointed by the chief editor or the executive secretary from among the members of the editorial board, as well as scientists, not members of the editorial board with a doctorate degree (as an exception - the candidate) in the scientific field corresponding to the article’s content.
A member of the editorial board cannot be a reviewer of the article if it is submitted in collaboration with him. Reviewers of articles submitted by a graduate students, doctoral candidates, degree applicants cannot be the supervisors (scientific advisors) of the graduate student, doctoral candidate or applicant.
6. Review time - 7 to 30 days from the moment the article is received by the publisher.
7. The internal review is done confidentially. Information about the reviewers is not disclosed to the author.
8. Articles are sent to the reviewer by e-mail or delivered in person in printed form. The reviewer is warned that the article is intellectual property of the author. Disclosure or other use of the contents of the article prior to its publication, coping of it for personal use, the transfer of the article to another reviewer without the permission of the chief editor or executive secretary is strictly forbidden.
9. The author is informed of the internal review results by e-mail.
10. Upon the written request by the author (s) electronic copies of negative reviews are sent to him by e-mail without specifying the names of the reviewer.
11. The author is informed by e-mail on comments and recommendations on the article and is also notified of a specific re-submission date of the article. Upon re-submission, it is sent to the same reviewer.
12. Upon receiving a negative review, the author has the right to give a written founded response to comments made by the reviewer and apply for another review by another specialist. Another reviewer can be assigned after the Editorial Board receives the author’s written request. In the event of a second negative review, the author is sent a copy of the review and a notice of rejection.
13. Articles which get positive reviews are considered by the editorial board of the journal. After that a final decision is made whether to include the article in the current or any subsequent issues of the journal. If the final decision is positive; the author receives a notification containing publication dates, in the event of a negative decision an founded refusal.
14. The original reviews are kept by the publisher for five years from the date of publication of the article.
15. Copies of the reviews are submitted to the Higher Attestation Commission on demand.
REQUIREMENTS FOR REVIEWS
1. The review should include:- A list of the positive qualities of the manuscript.
- A list of the shortcomings of the manuscript.
- The overall assessment of the manuscript and a recommendation for the editorial board.
3. At the end of the review a recommendation for the publishers should be pointed out:
- Publish material.
- Publish material after processing, which can be done by the editors.
- Publish material after processing, which can be done by the author.
- Send article for another review.
- Reject the manuscript.
5. Volume of the review – At least one page of text.
6. Review must be signed and stamped.
Note: Articles written by Academicians are accepted without review. The supervisor of the dissertation cannot be a reviewer.